Dr. Rita BakshiChairperson: International Fertility Centre
In recent times there has been an increased awareness on Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) a disorder that’s often undiagnosed. Today it is the leading cause of female infertility and is a matter of significant health concern. PCOS is a fairly common medical issue that affects women of childbearing age. This hormonal disorder is characterised by absence of ovulation and presence of ovarian cysts. It affects the menstrual cycle often causing enlarged ovaries having multiple cysts.
Many experts believe it’s the high level of androgens and insulin that leads to PCOS. Due to the hormone levels the ovaries are unable to release the mature (fully-grown) eggs and it remains in the ovaries. PCOS is also associated with obesity as the condition, is more commonly found in overweight women. Hormonal imbalance, family genetics is also believed to be the primary reason.
Symptoms of PCOS usually become apparent in adolescence. The common signs include weight gain, irregular or no periods, pelvic pain, hair loss from head, acne and excessive hair growth on the face, chest, back, buttocks and around the nipples. On psychological and emotional front these symptoms may additionally affect confidence and self-esteem resulting in depression and mood swings.
Apart from the general health check up and medical history – Ultrasound, blood test and hormone tests may be required for a better understanding of PCOS. However not all women with PCOS show every symptom and in many cases it remains undiagnosed until the woman tries to get pregnant and is unable to conceive.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) can’t be cured but its many implications can be managed. A doctor may guide you better considering your plans for children and possibility of related health issues in long term. In vitro fertilisation (IVF) may be a good alternative for woman unable to conceive even after trying medication. Compared to medicine alone, IVF is much more successful in women with PCOS. In IVF the female egg is fertilised with male partner’s sperm in a laboratory and then implanted in the uterus for natural development.
Early diagnosis and treatment of PCOS is critical as it may lead to serious health issues later. A combination of medicines and healthy lifestyle that includes regular exercise and healthy diet is a must to begin with.
